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nssampat

What assumption of identity matrices is this referring to?

motoole2

Good question.

When deriving the essential matrix, we implicitly assumed that the intrinsic matrix $K$ was the identity. As a result, the essential matrix only depends on the extrinsic parameters: a rotation and translation transformation that determines the relative position of the two cameras.

The key difference with the fundamental matrix is that the intrinsic matrix $K$ is generally not an identity matrix, and this needs to be taken into account when working with 2D pixel coordinates.